无线传感器网络不可靠链路特性

Unreliable Link Characteristics of Wireless Sensor Network

  • 摘要: 链路特性分析对于无线传感器网络(wireless sensor network,WSN)协议设计至关重要,但协议设计通常建立链路的二元模型,仅考虑连通和断开两种状态,而忽略中间区域的不可靠链路,这些链路通信性能不稳定、高度动态变化.若协议设计中未考虑此部分链路,将会造成WSN功耗变高、网络延时变长等问题.为解决上述问题,设计了基于LoRa的通信系统,从实地测量出发,研究了陆地和海上两种场景下不可靠链路分布特征,并分析LoRa物理层参数配置对通信性能的影响.具体而言,通过大量陆地和海上的实地测量数据,建立链路质量随接收信号强度指示(received signal strength indicator,RSSI)和信噪比(signal to noise ratio,SNR)变化的关系模型,分析不可靠链路的分布特征,并通过优化扩频因子(spread factor,SF)、带宽(BandWidth,BW)的配置以改善不可靠链路性能.

     

    Abstract: The analysis of link characteristics is critical to the design of the wireless sensor network (WSN) protocol, but this design is typically established on a binary model that considers only two link states, connection and disconnection. Unreliable links in the transition area are ignored, yet these links have unstable communication performance and experience highly dynamic changes. If these links are not considered in the protocol design, problems will arise, such as high-power consumption of the WSN and long network delays. To address this issue, we designed a LoRa-based communication system. In a test, we studied the characteristics of unreliable links in both land and sea scenarios, and analyzed the influence of the LoRa physical-layer parameters on the communication performance. Specifically, we established relationship models of the link quality with the received signal strength indication and the signal-to-noise ratio for a large number of data tested on land and at sea. We also optimized the spread factor and bandwidth to improve the performance of unreliable links.

     

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