Abstract: By considering the stochastic factors of risk in virtual enterprise(VE) and describing them as random variables,a chance-constraint programming model is proposed for risk management of VE.One of the great advantages of this class of model is that it can exactly describe the risk preference of the manager.A particle swarm optimization combined with Monte Carlo simulation(MCS-PSO) algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model,as Monte Carlo simulation(MCS) is an effective method to deal with those random variables in the model.Simulation analysis shows that the proposed model is very useful for risk management of VE and the MCS-PSO algorithm is very efficient.