Abstract: A perceptual image hashing scheme based on security of authentication is proposed.The relationship between robustness and authentication set is analyzed,and the necessity of using multiresolution in perceptual image Hash scheme is proved.The false negative probability and false positive probability can be balanced in authentication with multiresolution. A novel perceptual image Hash algorithm is designed based on tree structure decomposition.Image blocks with various resolutions are quantified to extract the robust features,and the precise Hash algorithm is used to generate the authentication Hash.Experimental results show that,with a Hash bit error rate less than 0.15,the proposed scheme is robust against JPEG compression,filtering,noise,etc.And it is highly sensitive to malicious tamper and can be used in multimedia content authentication.