Abstract: The study of swarm intelligence, inspired by self-organized behaviors in biology, has achieved remarkable momentum. By understanding the intrinsic mechanisms of self-organization behavior in biological systems, researchers can design efficient swarm robotics systems. The research achievements in swarm robotic systems based on the self-organization behavior in biology are comprehensively assessed in this study. First, several self-organization behaviors in biology are discussed. Second, the studies on the tasks of swarm robotic systems derived from behavioral mechanisms are categorized, and the achievements in recent years are summarized. Finally, the key challenges and the future development direction in the growth of swarm robotic systems inspired by biological behavior are explored. This study aims to offer researchers a novel perspective for contemplating the research outcomes of collective intelligence swarm robotic systems, thereby promoting advancements in related fields.