Abstract: We propose an alternative adaptation method based on belief rule-base to solve the problem of applying the case-based reasoning to generate the emergency alternative. First, the most similar historical case with the target case is obtained according to the retrieval method, after which the problem difference values between the historical cases and the most similar case are computed. Second, the problem difference values are transformed into the belief degree form of evaluation grade. Next, the information of historical cases and the learning model are then used to determine the parameter of the belief rule-base. Furthermore, the problem value difference between the target case and the most similar case is transformed into the belief degree form of evaluation grade. On the basis of this finding, the alternative of the target case is gained through the inference rules of the belief rule-base. Finally, an illustrative example of environmental emergency rescue is provided to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.